First, the vertical vacuum filter
The vertical disk vacuum filter, also known as the butterfly vacuum filter (Figs. 1 and 2), has a different filtering surface configuration than the cylindrical filter, but the operating principle is basically the same. The filter surface is composed of a plurality of individual forgotten segments forming a plurality of (generally 10-12) discs. Each of the segments is a separate filter unit, and the filter cloth is made into a bag sleeve on the segment to form a filter chamber. During operation, the filter disc rotates clockwise, and the solid particles in the slurry adhere to the filter disc by vacuum to form a filter cake. The agitator swings back and forth to prevent solid precipitation. After the filter cake leaves the liquid level, the water is continuously removed under vacuum. The filtrate penetrates the filter cloth, enters the filter tray, passes through the filtrate tube, and is discharged from the dispensing head. The filter cake is discharged from the inside and outside through the filter disc in the discharge area.
Figure 1 Structure of the vertical disk vacuum filter
1, the filter; 2, the main transmission mechanism; 3, the agitator; 4, the agitator transmission mechanism; 5, the instantaneous blowing system
The fan-shaped piece is fixed on the main shaft (hollow shaft) by bolts, and it is convenient to disassemble and replace the filter cloth, and even can be carried out during the operation of the filter machine, which is convenient for production inspection and maintenance.
China's prototype 60 m 2 vertical disc vacuum filter consists of 6 discs. In the flocculation reverse flotation process of Baotou Steel, the filter-0.038 mm (-400 mesh) accounts for more than 95% of the flocculated iron concentrate, the filter cake moisture is 14-16%, and the unit production capacity is 0.31-0.43 tons/(m 2 .Time). (When m 2.) Copper sulfide concentrate was filtered, the filter cake of 12-14% moisture, the unit production capacity of 0.2 tons / or more.
The performance of the vertical plate vacuum filter produced in China is listed in Table 1.
Figure 2 Working principle of the disc vacuum filter
1, filtrate tube; 2, filter cake; 3, agitator; 4, filter cake discharge; 5, liquid surface [next]
Table 1 Specifications and technical parameters of the vertical plate vacuum filter
| Filtration area m 2 | Filter disk number | Filter disc diameter Mm | Filter plate speed r/mm | Motor power kW | Agitator motor dynamic rate kW | Machine weight t |
| 9.0 18 27 39 58 78 97 116 200 40 60 80 100 200 | 2 4 6 4 6 8 10 12 12 4 6 8 10 12 | 1800 1800 1800 2700 2700 2700 2700 2700 3800 2800 2800 2800 2800 2800 | 0.08-1.89 0.073-2.04 0.254-1.14 0.073-2.04 0.135-0.61 0.254-1.4 0.13-0.61 0.15-0.67 0.254-1.44 0.15-1.44 0.285-1.98 0.148-0.66 0.25-1.09 0.2;0.3; 0.4;0.6; 0.2;0.3; 0.4;0.6; 0.2;0.3; 0.4;0.6; 0.2;0.3; 0.4;0.6; 0.2;0.3; 0.4; 0.61 | 1.1 2.2 1.1 3.0 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.2 4.0 4.0 11 2.2/3.5 1/4/5.5 2.2/3.5/4/5.5 2.2/3.5/4/5.5 2.2/3.5/4/5.5 2.2/3.5/4/5.5 | 1.1 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.2 4.0 4.0 5.5 3.5/4.0 3.5/4.0 3.5/4.0 3.5/4.0 3.5/4.0 | 3.42 4.565 3.5 5.06 4.25 5.65 twenty two 8.08 11.09 12 24.3 14.6 |
Second, horizontal disc vacuum filter
This machine is also called flat disk or water platform type vacuum filter, and its structure is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The filtering surface is in the shape of a truncated cone. There are concentric inner and outer rims of a certain height on the disc surface. Below the filter surface, a plurality of radially vertical partitions are divided into a plurality of independent fan-shaped filter chambers, which are connected to the automatic shutters under the disc. The slurry is evenly fed from the top weft-shaped distributor to the fan-shaped filter leaves, and the filter residue is scraped off onto a screw conveyor or a belt conveyor with a scraper. The filtrate is discharged through the outlet below the filter leaf, the filtrate tube and the central dispensing head to the central distribution head of the filtrate tank to the filtrate tank. The filter cake can be washed several times, and the wash solution and filtrate can be collected separately. In order to eliminate the obstruction of the remaining filter cake from the next overfiltration, compressed air is introduced at the feed point and the residual filter cake is blown back into the newly fed slurry.
Figure 3 How the horizontal disc filter works
1, the distribution head; 2, screw conveyor; 3, filter disk [next]
The horizontal disc over-the-air filter has a large area, and the filter cloth is easy to be blocked and easily broken. It is generally used for filtering a slurry which requires a good washing effect and contains a large density of coarse solids, and can also filter a slurry containing suspended particles of a smaller density solid.
Figure 4 Horizontal disc filter profile
The filter area of the conventional structure type filter is about 1-14 m 2 and the maximum is only 20 m 2 . However, if the fan-shaped filter chamber is folded from a single plate, a mainframe having a filtration area of 250 m 2 can be produced.
The specifications of horizontal disc vacuum filters manufactured by West Germany are listed in Table 2.
Table 2 Horizontal Disc Vacuum Filter Specifications
| Filter size mm | Filtration area, m 2 | Filter weight, t | Power, kW |
| diameter | height |
| 1300 3300 4200 | 1150 1500 1620 | 1 7 12 | 1.5 8 20 | 1.1 2.6 4.4 |
Third, horizontal rotary turn vacuum filter
This machine is also called vertical turntable dump vacuum filter. Its structural principle is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 Horizontal rotary turn vacuum filter
The annular filter surface is formed by a plurality of independent fan-shaped filter discs, and the filtrate outlet of the filter disc is in magnetic communication with the central distribution tube. Each fan-shaped filter disc is mounted on a rotating table. The slurry is fed to the filter disc through a dispenser and filtered under vacuum suction. The filtrate is discharged through a central suction tube and a branch pipe and a central dispensing head. The filter cake is left on the filter cloth, and after three stages of washing, it enters the discharge area, and the filter disc is turned 180°, and the gravity or compressed air is removed under the action of the reverse. Thereafter, the filter disc is reset, after washing and vacuum drying, it is transferred to the feed position to start a new filtration cycle.
The machine adapted to filter higher density, higher concentration of coarse particles of the slurry, e.g. phosphate, gypsum, manganese dioxide, potassium, iron ore, iron ore and other special materials. [next]
At present, the largest turn-over filter has an area of 205 m 2 and a diameter of 23 m for processing P 2 O 5 of 1,000 t/d.
The specifications of domestic horizontal rotary turn vacuum filter are listed in Table 3. The specifications of the tumbling filter manufactured in Japan are listed in Table 4.
Table 3 Domestic horizontal rotary tipping vacuum filter specifications
| Product specifications | PD-1.5 | PD-20 |
| Effective filtration area, m 2 Number of fights Maximum reverse angle of the bucket Turntable diameter, mm Turntable speed r/min Dimensions (length × width × height), mm Weight, kg | 1.1 15 150 2490 0.05-0.7 3120×2970×840 3300 | 17.8 20 152 8092 0.125-0.375 9900×8960×1426 23000 |
Table 4 Specifications of Japanese-made tumbling filter
| Total filtration area m 2 | Number of filters | Diameter, mm | Height, mm | weight, t |
| 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 | 32 | 13400 13400 13800 13800 14800 14800 15200 15200 | 3200 | 45.0 46.5 48.0 49.5 51.0 52.6 54.1 55.7 |
| 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 | 32 | 15900 16300 16800 17200 17600 18050 18400 18800 | 3400 | 61.0 62.7 64.4 66.2 67.8 69.5 71.2 72.9 |
| 145 150 155 160 105 170 175 180 | 36 | 18600 19000 19400 19800 20200 20600 20900 21300 | 3400 | 78.2 79.9 81.5 83.2 84.9 86.6 88.3 90.0 |
